typica) and "Dwarf" (var. Be notified when an answer is posted. Since these fruits are likewise high in fat, they can help your body absorb fat-soluble nutrients, including vitamins A, D, E, and K. Coconut is the fruit of the coconut palm. Other types of large trees produce a single downward-growing tap root with a number of feeder roots growing from it. Home Fruits What Is The Importance Of Coconut? They can be sorted mainly into tall cultivars, dwarf cultivars, and hybrid cultivars (hybrids between talls and dwarfs). See also Can Raw Coconut Cause Stomach Pain? [49][4][48][60], The coconut played a critical role in the migrations of the Austronesian peoples. In Tamil Nadu, Coimbatore and Tirupur regions top the production list. Because the nuts can fall from a height of 30 yards, in Southern Asia and Australia, monkeys (e.g., Malaya macaques) are trained to harvest them. Hair loss is the most common cause of hair loss in men and women, and it is the most common cause of hair loss in women. What are the physical characteristics of a coconut? Linguistic, archaeological, and genetic evidence all point to the early domestication of Pacific coconuts by the Austronesian peoples in maritime Southeast Asia during the Austronesian expansion (c.3000 to 1500BCE). June 14, 2022; ushl assistant coach salary . Coconut flesh is high in fat and can be dried or eaten fresh or processed into coconut milk or coconut oil. A long handle made from some other wood may be inserted into the base of the bundle and used as a two-handed broom. Coconut oil and milk are ingredients in cooking, frying, soaps and cosmetics, and foods like margarine and popcorn. It has applications in furniture and specialized construction, as notably demonstrated in Manila's Coconut Palace. The meat of green coconuts is still developing, so they contain mostly water (2). [146] The sap when fermented can also be made into coconut vinegar or various palm wines (which can be further distilled to make arrack). PETA later clarified that the use of macaques is not practiced in the Philippines, India, Brazil, Colombia, Hawaii, and other major coconut-producing regions. On the eve of Choti Holi . . In Kerala, coconut trunks are used for house construction. 2) The Wet Meat or Kernel: The kernel or endospermis an important article of food being used in culinary purpose. Copra is the dried meat of the seed and after processing produces coconut oil and coconut meal. Coconut palms yield roughly 20 percent of the market's oils and fats, Just Change Trust estimates. Wiki User. [23] The root system consists of an abundance of thin roots that grow outward from the plant near the surface. Oilseeds, overall. Rajamohan T. Clinical Biochemistry. [158], In World War II, coastwatcher scout Biuku Gasa was the first of two from the Solomon Islands to reach the shipwrecked and wounded crew of Motor Torpedo Boat PT-109 commanded by future U.S. president John F. Kennedy. In 2020, world production of coconuts was 62 million tonnes, led by Indonesia, India, and the Philippines, with 75% combined of the total (table). Coconut flesh is either eaten raw or dried to form copra, the meat of the seed and the source for coconut oil. Partially defatted edible coconut grating is an excellent product and used in bakery and confectionary. Coconut meal leftovers from oil and milk production feeds livestock. Sri Lanka established its Coconut Development Authority and Coconut Cultivation Board and Coconut Research Institute in the early British Ceylon period.[109]. Based on linguistic evidence, the absence of words for coconut in the Taiwanese Austronesian languages makes it likely that the Austronesian coconut culture developed only after Austronesians started colonizing the Philippines. Coconut is a crop of small and marginal farmers since 98% of about five million coconut holdings in the country are less than two hectares. Samosir (eds.) The world coir production is 0.282 million tones. It was first developed for commercial cultivation in the Philippines and is used widely in Philippine cuisine for desserts, drinks, and pastries. The meat can be eaten fresh from the coconut but the meat can also be used to make oil, milk, cream and desiccated coconut. What happens when you drink coconut water for 7 days? The coconut tree provides food, fuel, cosmetics, folk medicine and building materials, among many other uses. 2022 Leaf Group Ltd. / Leaf Group Media, All Rights Reserved. The various parts of the coconut have a number of culinary uses. [4], Coconuts can also be broadly divided into two general types based on habit: the "Tall" (var. Due to growing sedentary lifestyles and heavy-handed landscaping, a decline in these traditional farming and soil-fixing techniques has occurred. Elvira is known for her creative approach to cuisine, and her passion for teaching others about the culinary arts. econom y of Sri Lanka. [28] In west-central India, numerous fossils of Cocos-like fruits, leaves, and stems have been recovered from the Deccan Traps. Half coconut shells are used in theatre Foley sound effects work, struck together to create the sound effect of a horse's hoofbeats. The white flesh of a coconut can be used in lots of different ways. She has worked in some of the worlds most prestigious kitchens, and has published several cookbooks that have become bestsellers. The researchers concluded that it was brought by early Austronesian sailors to the Americas from at least 2,250 BP, and may be proof of pre-Columbian contact between Austronesian cultures and South American cultures. India contribute about 50% coir production. Her articles have appeared in "Newton Magazine" and she has contributed to myriad popular books, including "Masters of Deception" and "Click: The Ultimate Photography Guide for Generation Now." Severe frost is usually fatal, although they have been known to recover from temperatures of 4C (25F). It contributes 2 per cent to Sri Lankas GDP, 2.5 per cent to export earnings and 5 per cent to employment. Only a few of the roots penetrate deep into the soil for stability. Coconut oil has high world demand as an ingredient in cosmetics, soaps, hair oils, body oils and in food products and has surged in popularity because of its health benefits. It takes around 6,000 full-grown coconuts to produce one tonne of copra. The coconut water strengthens your immune system and removes bacteria that cause urinary tract infections, gonorrhea, gum diseases and viruses which are causing cold, infection diseases and typhus. [134][135] It can also be diluted into a beverage. Elvira Bowen is a food expert who has dedicated her life to understanding the science of cooking. Coconut (Cocos nucifera). Coconut meal leftovers from oil and milk production feeds livestock. In the Hainuwele myth from Maluku, a girl emerges from the blossom of a coconut tree. AGRI INFO - My Agriculture Information Bank, Importance, Composition and Uses of Coconut. The decoration of foots is astringent and is used as mouth was and gargle. [103] Other states, such as Goa, Maharashtra, Odisha, West Bengal, and those in the northeast (Tripura and Assam) account for the remaining productions. The boiled young seedlings of Borassus flabellifer palmyra palm are edible and its fruits are eaten raw. They were commonly carried by Spanish ships as a source of fresh water. Aids in hydration. 2023 Leaf Group Ltd. / Leaf Group Media, All Rights Reserved. Long-term consumption of coconut oil may have negative health effects similar to those from consuming other sources of saturated fats, including butter, beef fat, and palm oil. (1995). The coconut industry also generates employment and supports local businesses, contributing to the overall economic development of these communities. It has a crunchy watery texture and a slightly sweet taste. De-husked coconuts typically weigh around 750 to 850 grams (1lb 10oz to 1lb 14oz). Fruit farming has more economic advantages than vegetable farming. Specimens have been collected from the sea as far north as Norway (but it is not known where they entered the water). The fruit however was compacted in the fossilization process and it was not possible to determine if it had the diagnostic three pores that characterize members of the tribe Cocoseae. [49][18][61], The niu kafa form is the wild ancestral type, with thick husks to protect the seed, an angular, highly ridged shape to promote buoyancy during ocean dispersal, and a pointed base that allowed fruits to dig into the sand, preventing them from being washed away during germination on a new island. This article was most recently revised and updated by. Coconut oil is a "functional food" that is popular in traditional medicine in Asia and used worldwide to treat a wide variety of health problems from abscesses to upset stomachs. Source of Raw Material for the Agro-Based Industries In the agro-based industry, fruit growing offers the raw materials for canning and preserving products, among other things fresh fruits. The small cylindrical embryo is embedded in the solid endosperm directly below the functional pore of the endosperm. (2006). Composition and Uses: The following products of coconut are useful to human being. Lately, civil wars and crop failures have driven up the EU Rotterdam coconut oil price, which has doubled during 2010-2011, nearing $2,000 per tonne, according to the UK Grocer. Several countries' economies are based on the coconut palm. [33], The name coconut is derived from the 16th-century Portuguese word coco, meaning 'head' or 'skull' after the three indentations on the coconut shell that resemble facial features. [164] The smell of coconuts comes from the 6-pentyloxan-2-one molecule, known as -decalactone in the food and fragrance industries. Economic Role Coconut palms yield roughly 20 percent of the markets oils and fats, Just Change Trust estimates. Fruit growing, on the other hand, is perennial in nature, allowing the grower to remain engaged in farm operations throughout the year and to make full use of farm resources and assets, such as machinery, land, and water, for production purposes throughout the year. Every day, thousands of coconuts are broken, and some devotees break as many as 108 coconuts at a time as per the prayer. Coconuts are high in fiber, which helps bulk up your stool and supports bowel regularity, keeping your digestive system healthy ( 6 , 17 ). The nuts we had in baskets on deck remained edible and capable of germinating the whole way to Polynesia. [108] The artificial landscaping may have been the cause for lethal yellowing, a viral coconut palm disease that leads to the death of the tree. Grated coconut that is dehydrated by drying or baking is known as "desiccated coconut." While there is a concentration of coconut plantations in the coastal regions of the country, it is also grown in the hinterlands where the agro-climatic requirements of coconut cultivation are met. In Sanskrit, it is kalpa vriksha ("the tree which provides all the necessities of life"). However, they can be found in humid areas with low annual precipitation such as in Karachi, Pakistan, which receives only about 250mm (9+34in) of rainfall per year, but is consistently warm and humid. He explained how at Guam "they eat coconuts" ("mangiano cochi") and that the natives there also "anoint the body and the hair with coconut and beniseed oil" ("ongieno el corpo et li capili co oleo de cocho et de giongioli"). It can be eaten as food or used as medicine. The reasons why coconut are cultivated only in Yemen's Al Mahrah and Hadramaut governorates and in the Sultanate of Oman, but not in other suitable areas in the Arabian Peninsula, may originate from the fact that Oman and Hadramaut had long dhow trade relations with Burma, Malaysia, Indonesia, East Africa, and Zanzibar, as well as southern India and China. [58], The extent of cultivation in the tropics is threatening a number of habitats, such as mangroves; an example of such damage to an ecoregion is in the Petenes mangroves of the Yucatn. However, Cocos is not thought to be indigenous to South America, and the highest genetic diversity is present in Asian Cocos, indicating that at least the modern species Cocos nucifera is native to there. Economic importance The palms with the greatest importance in world commerce are the coconut and the African oil palm ( Elaeis guineensis ); both are prime sources of vegetable oil and fat. It is claimed that they evolved to disperse significant distances via marine currents. About 75% of the world's supply of coconuts is produced by Indonesia, the Philippines, and India. Fruit farming is one of the most important and long-standing traditions in India, having been done before the beginning of time. For for the bucking horse, see. and Koop Wind (Eds.). It is grown in tropical and subtropical regions, with the majority of global production occurring in Asia, followed by the Pacific and the Americas. This invertebrate builds armor from coconut halves", "Indonesia's veined octopus 'stilt walks' to collect coconut shells", "Coconut Fruit Of Lustre In Indian Culture", "How the Zulu coconut was saved from extinction", "Living Heritage Marcellin College Sina and the Eel", "The Fifth Voyage of Sindbad the Seaman The Arabian Nights The Thousand and One Nights Sir Richard Burton translator", Coconut revival new possibilities for the 'tree of life', https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Coconut&oldid=1136466340, Mean daily temperature above 1213C (5455F) every day of the year, Mean annual rainfall above 1,000mm (39in). Neera is fast becoming a popular drink. The Philippines and Indonesia lead in copra production, and throughout the South Pacific copra is one of the most important export products. Flowering occurs continuously. Coconuts can only be grown in temperatures above 18C (64F) and need a daily temperature above 22C (72F) to produce fruit. Bangalore, Karnataka 560025, Monday to Friday 9:30 AM 5:30 PM IMPORTANCE OF COCONUT Coconut is the environment friendly small-holder palm of the tropical environment Covering 12.28 million hectares in 90 countries with an annual production of 64.3 billion nuts Coconut provides USD$ 7.73 Billion per annum to global coconut small holders Coconut palms are believed to be largely cross-pollinated, although most dwarf varieties are self-pollinating. [185], This article is about the plant. Coconut cultivation spans about 402 649 ha which accounts for 21 per cent of agricultural lands in the country. It also promotes scalp health by fighting against insect bite, lice and dandruff. In Thailand, the coconut husk is used as a potting medium to produce healthy forest tree saplings. For the ProRodeo Hall of Fame bucking horse, see, Geographical distributions of Indo-Atlantic and Pacific coconut subpopulations and their genetic composition (Gunn, Inferred historical introduction of coconuts from the original centers of diversity in the, "Grated coconut" redirects here. Wild coconuts are naturally restricted to coastal areas in sandy, saline soils. [citation needed], Indonesia is the world's largest producer of coconuts, with gross production of 15million tonnes. Apart from its economic importance, the environmental and . [11] Many modern different varieties are also grown, including the Maypan coconut, King coconut, and Macapuno. However, several states like Assam, Gujarat, Madhya Pradesh, Bihar, Tripura, Manipur, Nagaland and Arunachal Pradesh have emerged as non-traditional areas for the cultivation of coconut. (1993). It is also often stated that coconuts can travel 110 days, or 5,000km (3,000mi), by sea and still be able to germinate. Male flower Bracteate, ebracteolate, sessile, staminate, incomplete, trimerous, actinomorphic and pistillodes are present. The liquids inside of a coconut are available as Shredded sweetened coconut 100g 500 calories 48g carbs 43g sugar 35g fat 4. [121][122], Both Malauhog and Malakanin coconut meat of immature fruits can be eaten as is or used in salads, drinks, desserts, and pastries such as buko pie and es kelapa muda. It is most strikingly displayed in Madagascar, an island settled by Austronesian sailors at around 2000 to 1500 BP. Coconut palms yield roughly 20 percent of the market's oils and fats, Just Change Trust estimates. Medium chain fats have also been known to help in weight loss and reduce waist circumference. The coconut tree provides food, fuel, cosmetics, folk medicine and building materials, among many other uses. economic importance of coconut. Coconut oil is moisturizing and has been used for centuries as a hair tonic and skin care product. On many islands, coconut is a staple in the diet. "It made sense" to bring the affair to . Later, the endosperm matures and deposits onto the coconut rind during the cellular phase. [107] The annual rainy season known locally as khareef or monsoon makes coconut cultivation easy on the Arabian east coast. The coconut tree is the official state tree of Kerala, India. : B.arenosella, B.atriloqua (feeds exclusively on C.nucifera), B.mathesoni (feeds exclusively on C.nucifera), and B. [181], Literary evidence from the Ramayana and Sri Lankan chronicles indicates that the coconut was present in the Indian subcontinent before the 1st centuryBCE. Easily kills parasites and helps remove them from body. A single coconut palm may yield 100 coconuts annually, and each coconut requires a year to fully ripen. He took the term from the Arabs, who called it jawz hind, translating to 'Indian nut'. Traditional areas of coconut in India are the states of Kerala, Tamilnadu, Karnataka, Andhra Pradesh, Orissa, Goa, West Bengal, Pondicherry, Maharashtra and Islands of Lakshadweep and Andaman and Nicobar. The immature seeds are infested and desapped by larvae staying in the portion covered by the perianth of the immature seed; the seeds then drop off or survive deformed. The coconut's obscure origin in foreign lands led to the notion of using cups made from the shell to neutralise poisoned drinks. The player buys some small balls which are then thrown as hard as possible at coconuts balanced on sticks. [172] Irrespective of their religious affiliations, fishermen of India often offer it to the rivers and seas in the hopes of having bountiful catches. It is also popular in Indonesia (where it is known as kopyor) for making beverages. Such an origin indicates that the coconuts were not introduced naturally, such as by sea currents. In Australia, a Cocos-like fossil fruit, measuring 10cm 9.5cm (3+78in 3+34in), were recovered from the Chinchilla Sand Formation dated to the latest Pliocene or basal Pleistocene. The know-how of coconut cultivation and necessary soil fixation and irrigation may have found its way into Omani, Hadrami and Al-Mahra culture by people who returned from those overseas areas. The "branches" (leaf petioles) are strong and flexible enough to make a switch. Each spike in the spadix bears 2 to 3 female flowers at the base and 200 to 300 male flowers at the top. Several countries' economies are based on the coconut palm. Traditional Training of Pig-tailed Macaques as Coconut HarvestersM Bertrand; Science; Jan 1967. [73], The coconut palm is damaged by the larvae of many Lepidoptera (butterfly and moth) species which feed on it, including the African armyworm (Spodoptera exempta) and Batrachedra spp. Bertrand, Mireille. In addition to its economic value as a source of food and materials, the coconut is also an important source of income for many small-scale farmers and communities. Because of their soft textures, they are unsuitable for grating. Economic Role Coconut palms yield roughly 20 percent of the market's oils and fats, Just Change Trust estimates. Fishermen give an offering of coconut to the sea to celebrate the beginning of a new fishing season. [76], Coconut palms are normally cultivated in hot and wet tropical climates. Coconut palms yield roughly 20 percent of the market's oils and fats, Just Change Trust estimates. The hard shells, fibrous husks and long pinnate leaves can be used as material to make a variety of products for furnishing and decoration. and early germination on the palm (vivipary) was important. Several countries' economies are based on the coconut palm. [125] These can be toasted or baked to make bacon-like fixings. Overall, the coconut fruit is an important economic resource that has a wide range of uses and contributes significantly to local and global economies. Man cannot subsist solely on cereal grains. [1] The term "coconut" (or the archaic "cocoanut")[2] can refer to the whole coconut palm, the seed, or the fruit, which botanically is a drupe, not a nut. Consumers feel that fresh-cut fruits and vegetables are the healthiest formats available for processed fruits and vegetables, which has allowed the fresh-cut category to prosper. [134], Newly germinated coconuts contain a spherical edible mass known as the sprouted coconut or coconut sprout. Female flower Bracteate, ebracteolate, sessile, pistillate, incomplete, trimerous, actinomorphic and hypogynous. A sugar containing juice which is obtained by tapping unopened spadix is known as toddy. [32], Further complicating measures to determine the evolutionary history of Cocos is the genetic diversity present within C. nucifera as well as its relatedness to other palms. Rigby (1995) assigned them to modern Cocos nucifera based on its size. It was the world's largest producer for decades until a decline in production due to aging trees as well as typhoon devastation. In the Philippines, dried half shells are also used as a music instrument in a folk dance called maglalatik. [118][119] Another method is to shake the coconut. [175], The coconut is also used as a target and prize in the traditional British fairground game coconut shy. It also plays a central role in the Coconut Religion of Vietnam. [98][99][100], Two important coconut products were first developed in the Philippines, macapuno and nata de coco. [49][50], Genetic studies of coconuts have also confirmed pre-Columbian populations of coconuts in Panama in South America. [144], Coconut sap, usually extracted from cut inflorescence stalks is sweet when fresh and can be drunk as is such as in tuba fresca of Mexico (derived from the Philippine tub). For other uses, see, "Coconut tree" redirects here. de Lourdes Arruzazabala, M.; Molina, V.; Ms, R.; Carbajal, D.; Marrero, D.; Gonzlez, V.; Rodrguez, E. (2007). The fresh husk of a brown coconut may serve as a dish sponge or body sponge. PT. [173] In the foothills of the temple town of Palani, before going to worship Murugan for the Ganesha, coconuts are broken at a place marked for the purpose. [64], The dwarf coconut cultivars are fully domesticated, in contrast to tall cultivars which display greater diversity in terms of domestication (and lack thereof). They eventually form the edible solid endosperm (the "coconut meat" or "coconut flesh") which hardens over time. Although these numbers are modest, coconut is an important food crop in Sri Lanka in that it provides Dried half shells are used as the bodies of musical instruments, including the Chinese yehu and banhu, along with the Vietnamese n go and Arabo-Turkic rebab. [145] They can also be processed to extract palm sugar. What is the economic importance of coconut? Domesticated coconuts also have more amounts of coconut water. In addition, fossils of potential Cocos ancestors have been recovered from both Colombia and India. [21][22], Unlike some other plants, the palm tree has neither a taproot nor root hairs, but has a fibrous root system. Its BRIX level is 16 [sugars] compared to 12 in sugarcane juice. She earned her B.A. [178] In Maldivian folklore, one of the main myths of origin reflects the dependence of the Maldivians on the coconut tree. Cocos nucifera is a large palm, growing up to 30 metres (100 feet) tall, with pinnate leaves 46m (1320ft) long, and pinnae 6090 centimetres (23ft) long; old leaves break away cleanly, leaving the trunk smooth. The fresh kernel includes moisture 45% protein, 4%, fat 37%, minerals 4% and carbohydrates 10%. Some of the intercrops identified include cassava, bananas, blackpepper and ginger. The coir is used to make brooms in Cambodia.[158]. [70], Given that coconuts are ideally suited for inter-island group ocean dispersal, obviously some natural distribution did take place. In the west coast of India, the palm is an essential component in the homestead system of farming. For other uses, see, "Grated coconut" redirects here. He consulted the catalogue Herbarium Amboinense by Georg Eberhard Rumphius where Rumphius said that coccus was a homonym of coccum and coccus from Greek kokkos meaning "grain"[41] or "berry", but Romans identified coccus with "kermes insects"; Rumphius preferred the word cocus as a replacement. They have a thick fibrous husk surrounding the single-seeded nut. However, both James Cook and William Bligh[69] (put adrift after the Bounty mutiny) found no sign of the nuts along this 2,000km (1,200mi) stretch when he needed water for his crew. Some cultivars are more drought resistant such as 'West coast tall' (India) while others such as 'Hainan Tall' (China) are more cold tolerant. [61][63] The tall variety is outcrossing while dwarf palms are self-pollinating, which has led to a much greater degree of genetic diversity within the tall group. "The truth behind the "widespread" practice of monkeys harvesting coconuts in Thailand impacting on consumers & retailers", "Focus: Thai coconut farmers reject monkey abuse charges, suffer lost income", "Reviving the Coconut Industry of the Philippines", "Coconut faces a looming global supply shortage, but could an Australian industry crack it?
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